The coupling of the Earth’s atmosphere and underlying surface through mass and energy fluxes has an important role in atmospheric chemistry and physics in addition to boundary layer meteorology and ecosystem research. The coupling is controlled by the turbulent transport of momentum, energy and mass. These controls the atmospheric flow, exchange or flux of air pollutants and mixing conditions of the lower atmosphere. Meteorological research can be divided into three groups according to the size of the phenomenon in concern. Global meteorology looks into global scale phenomena, synoptic meteorology explores phenomena the size of weather systems and micrometeorology aims at the understanding of phenomena that occur in the atmospheric boundary layer, the 10–2000-meter-high atmospheric layer close to the ground.